Tuning the Selectivity of Single-Site Supported Metal Catalysts with Ionic Liquids

1,3-Dialkylimidazolium ionic liquid coatings act as electron donors, increasing the selectivity for partial hydrogenation of 1,3-butadiene catalyzed by iridium complexes supported on high-surface-area γ-Al₂O₃. High-energy-resolution fluorescence detection X-ray absorption near-edge structure (HERFD XANES) measurements quantify the electron donation and are correlated with the catalytic activity and selectivity. The results demonstrate broad opportunities to tune electronic environments and catalytic properties of atomically dispersed supported metal catalysts.