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Tunable, Fast, Robust Hydrogel Actuators Based on Evaporation-Programmed Heterogeneous Structures
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posted on 2017-10-27, 00:00 authored by Jinrong Wang, Jianfeng Wang, Zhuo Chen, Shaoli Fang, Ying Zhu, Ray H. Baughman, Lei JiangThe ability to topographically structure
and fast controllably
actuate hydrogel in two and three dimensions is the key for their
promising applications in soft robots, microfluidic valves, cell and
drug delivery, and artificial muscles. Inspired by evaporation-induced
concentration differentiation phenomenon in the production process
of beancurd sheet, we introduce a facile one-step evaporation process
to create laminated layer/porous layer heterogeneous structure within
graphene oxide-clay-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogel
in vertical direction and pattern the heterogeneous structure in lateral
direction to form tunable, fast, and robust hydrogel actuators. The
laminated layer/porous layer architecture is highly stable and robust
without possibility of delamination. The evaporation-programmed heterogeneous
structures tune thermoresponsive actuations from global bending/unbending
for global heterogeneous structure to local bending/unbending and
site-specific folding/unfolding for segment-patterned heterogeneous
structure, then to directional bending/unbending and chiral twisting/untwisting
for stripe-patterned heterogeneous structure. These actuations are
instant and reversible without detectable fatigue after many cycles.
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topographically structureevaporation processmicrofluidic valvesproduction processstructures tune thermoresponsive actuationsEvaporation-Programmed Heterogeneous Structuresbeancurd sheetRobust Hydrogel Actuatorsform tunablehydrogel actuatorsevaporation-induced concentration differentiation phenomenondrug delivery
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