Storage of methane at low pressure in activated carbon under different temperature and flow rate of charge conditions

ABSTRACT Methane storage in adsorbed form in activated carbon (ANG - Adsorbed Natural Gas) has attracted attention in recent years by applying reduced pressures when compared to CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) technology and reduced temperatures, and also for representing an important alternative use of biomethane derived from biogas purification in vehicular and stationary systems. This study aimed an evaluation of methane storage in activated carbon under different conditions of temperature and flow rate of charge in a prototype system. Methane was inserted into the prototype system filled with activated vegetable carbon at reduced pressure (10 bar) using factorial design 2². In the desorption of the system, kinetics was raised to identify the best condition to be adopted between the conduction of the storage trials to allow activated carbon reuse. Activated carbon was characterized with N2 physisorption for the determination of textural characteristics, Helium gas pycnometry for quantification of particle density, and scanning electron microscopy for observation of the morphological structure. Under the conditions adopted in this study, an increase was observed in activated carbon adsorption capacity with decreasing temperature and flow rate during the evaluated range. With this study, it was possible to increase a cylinder storage capacity in approximately 3 times (34,56 V V-1) compared to the hollow cylinder (13,14 V V-1), proving the effectiveness of the adsorbent and the set of variables adopted. In addition, the kinetic study of methane desorption resulted in the adoption of 60 ºC for 30 min for the complete methane delivery.