Prevalence of Alcohol Impairment and Odds of a Driver Injury or Fatality in On-Road Farm Equipment Crashes
Objective. To estimate the prevalence of alcohol impairment in crashes involving farm equipment on public roadways and the effect of alcohol impairment on the odds of crash injury or fatality.
Methods. On-road farm equipment crashes were collected from four Great Plains state Departments of Transportation during 2005–2010. Alcohol impairment was defined as an involved driver having blood alcohol content of ≥0.08 g/100 ml or a finding of alcohol-impaired as a driver contributing circumstance recorded on the police crash report. Injury or fatality was categorized as: a) no injury (no and possible injury combined), b) injury (non-incapacitating or incapacitating injury,) and c) fatality. Hierarchical multivariable logistic regression modeling, clustered on crash, was used to estimate the odds of an injury/fatality in crashes involving an alcohol-impaired driver.
Results. During the five years under study, 3.1% (61 of 1971) of on-road farm equipment crashes involved an alcohol-impaired driver. One in twenty (5.6%) injury crashes and one in six (17.8%) fatality crashes involved an alcohol-impaired driver. The non-farm equipment driver was significantly more likely to be alcohol-impaired than the farm equipment driver (2.4% versus 1.1% respectively, p = 0.0012). After controlling for covariates, crashes involving an alcohol-impaired driver had 4.10 (95% CI: 2.30-7.28) times the odds of an injury or fatality. In addition, the non-farm vehicle driver was at 2.28 (95% CI: 1.92-2.71) times higher odds of an injury or fatality than the farm vehicle driver. No differences in rurality of the crash site were found in the multivariable model.
Conclusion. On-road farm equipment crashes involving alcohol result in greater odds of an injury or fatality. The risk of injury or fatality is higher among the non-farm equipment vehicle drivers who are also more likely to be alcohol-impaired. Further studies are needed to measure the impact of alcohol impairment in on-road farm equipment crashes.
