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Physico-Chemical Characterization of Fine and Ultrafine Particles Emitted during Diesel Particulate Filter Active Regeneration of Euro5 Diesel Vehicles
journal contribution
posted on 2018-01-22, 00:00 authored by Badr R’Mili, Antoinette Boréave, Aurelie Meme, Philippe Vernoux, Mickael Leblanc, Ludovic Noël, Stephane Raux, Barbara D’AnnaDiesel particulate filters (DPFs)
are commonly employed in modern
passenger cars to comply with current particulate matter (PM) emission
standards. DPFs requires periodic regeneration to remove the accumulated
matter. During the process, high-concentration particles, in both
nucleation and accumulation modes, are emitted. Here, we report new
information on particle morphology and chemical composition of fine
(FPs) and ultrafine particles (UFPs) measured downstream of the DPF
during active regeneration of two Euro 5 passenger cars. The first
vehicle was equipped with a close-coupled diesel oxidation catalyst
(DOC) and noncatalyzed DPF combined with fuel borne catalyst and the
second one with DOC and a catalyzed-diesel particle filter (CDPF).
Differences in PM emission profiles of the two vehicles were related
to different after treatment design, regeneration strategies, and
vehicle characteristics and mileage. Particles in the nucleation mode
consisted of ammonium bisulfate, sulfate and sulfuric acid, suggesting
that the catalyst desulfation is the key process in the formation
of UFPs. Larger particles and agglomerates, ranging from 90 to 600
nm, consisted of carbonaceous material (soot and soot aggregates)
coated by condensable material including organics, ammonium bisulfate
and sulfuric acid. Particle emission in the accumulation mode was
due to the reduced filtration efficiency (soot cake oxidation) throughout
the regeneration process.
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Euro 5 Diesel Vehicles DieselUltrafine Particles EmittedmaterialCDPFEuro 5 passenger carsmodeaccumulationacidnucleationPM emission profilesFPDOCregenerationvehicleclose-coupled diesel oxidation catalystcatalyzed-diesel particle filtermatterUFPsoot cake oxidationDPFammonium bisulfateDiesel Particulate Filter
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