ac6b04625_si_001.pdf (3.08 MB)
PEDOT(PSS) as Solid Contact for Ion-Selective Electrodes: The Influence of the PEDOT(PSS) Film Thickness on the Equilibration Times
journal contribution
posted on 2017-02-14, 00:00 authored by Marcin Guzinski, Jennifer M. Jarvis, Felio Perez, Bradford D. Pendley, Ernő Lindner, Roland De Marco, Gaston A. Crespo, Robert G. Acres, Raymart Walker, Josiah BishopTo understand the
rate determining processes during the equilibration
of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrenesulfonate-based (PEDOT(PSS)-based)
solid contact (SC) ion-selective electrodes (ISEs), the surfaces of
Pt, Au, and GC electrodes were coated with 0.1, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0
μm thick galvanostatically deposited PEDOT(PSS) films. Next,
potential vs time transients were recorded with these electrodes,
with and without an additional potassium ion-selective membrane (ISM)
coating, following their first contact with 0.1 M KCl solutions. The
transients were significantly different when the multilayered sensor
structures were assembled on Au or GC compared to Pt. The differences
in the rate of equilibration were interpreted as a consequence of
differences in the hydrophilicity of PEDOT(PSS) in contact with the
substrate electrode surfaces based on X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
(XPS) and synchrotron radiation-XPS (SR-XPS) analysis of 10–100
nm thick PEDOT(PSS) films. The influence of the layer thickness of
the electrochemically deposited PEDOT(PSS)-films on the hydrophilicity
of these films has been documented by contact angle measurements over
PEDOT(PSS)-coated Au, GC, and Pt electrode surfaces. This study demonstrates
that it is possible to minimize the equilibration (conditioning) time
of SC ISEs with aqueous solutions before usage by optimizing the thickness
of the SC layer with a controlled ISM thickness. PEDOT(PSS)-coated
Au and GC electrodes exhibit a significant negative potential drift
during their equilibration in an aqueous solution. By coating the
PEDOT(PSS) surface with an ISM, the negative potential drift is compensated
by a positive potential drift related to the hydration of the ISM
and activity changes at the PEDOT(PSS)|ISM interface. The potential
drifts related to activity changes in the ISM have been determined
by a novel adaptation of the “sandwich membrane” method.