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Halogen-Free Flame-Retardant Flexible Polyurethane Foam with a Novel Nitrogen–Phosphorus Flame Retardant
journal contribution
posted on 2012-07-25, 00:00 authored by Ming-Jun Chen, Zhu-Bao Shao, Xiu-Li Wang, Li Chen, Yu-Zhong WangA novel nitrogen–phosphorus flame retardant, 2-carboxyethyl(phenyl)phosphinic
acid melamine salt (CMA), was synthesized by the reaction of 2-carboxyethyl(phenyl)phosphinic
acid with melamine in aqueous solution, and it was characterized by
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic
resonance (NMR), inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry
(ICP-AES), elemental analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
Halogen-free flame-retardant flexible polyurethane foams (FPUF) were
prepared successfully by using CMA as a flame retardant. The effects
of CMA content on the mechanical, thermal, and flame-retardant properties
of FPUF were investigated by tensile test, TGA, limiting oxygen index
(LOI), flame propagation test (Cal T.B. 117A-Part I standard), and
cone calorimeter. The foam morphology of FPUF was studied via scanning
electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that CMA endowed FPUF
with good flame-retardant properties. FPUF containing only 12 wt %
CMA can pass Cal T.B. 117A-Part I standard, and its LOI value was
increased from 18.2 (for FPUF without CMA) to 24.1. Particularly,
the addition of CMA almost did not decrease the mechanical properties
of the resulting flame-retardant FPUFs.