GitHub repo for Spencer et al. 2019, Oly carryover effects

To view in GitHub: https://github.com/RobertsLab/Paper-oly-adult-oa

Impacts of adult exposure to elevated winter temperature and altered carbonate chemistry on reproduction and offspring viability were examined in the Olympia oyster (Ostrea lurida). Three distinct populations of adult, hatchery-reared O. lurida, plus an additional cohort spawned from one of the populations, were sequentially exposed to elevated temperature (+4°C, at 10°C), followed by elevated pCO2 (+2204 µatm, at 3045 µatm) during winter months. Male gametes were more developed after elevated temperature exposure and less developed after high pCO2 exposure, but there was no impact on female gametes or sex ratios. Oysters previously exposed to elevated winter temperature released larvae earlier, regardless of pCO2 exposure. Those exposed to elevated winter temperature as a sole treatment produced more larvae per day, but when oysters were also exposed to high pCO2 there was no effect. These combined results indicate that elevated winter temperature accelerates O. lurida spermatogenesis, resulting in earlier larval release and increased production, with elevated pCO2 exposure negating effects of elevated temperature. Offspring were reared in common conditions for one year, then deployed in four bays for three months. Offspring of parents exposed to elevated pCO2 had higher survival rates in two of the four bays, which had distinct environmental conditions. This carryover effect demonstrates that parental conditions can have substantial ecologically relevant impacts that should be considered when predicting impacts of environmental change.