Feeding response and nutrient mediated growth from Immanent conditions determine imminent collapses: nutrient regimes define the resilience of macroalgal communities

Mean percentage macroalgal cover + SE in plots of four different treatments in the low nutrient region (nutrient-enriched, without urchins: N+U0, nutrient-enriched, with urchins: N+U+, not enriched, with urchins N0U+, and not enriched, without urchins: N0U0). The percentage difference between N0U0 and N+U0 plots shows the effect of nutrient mediated growth (35.5% blue shadowed area). Additionally, the percentage difference between the N+U0 and the N+U+ shows the effect of both compensatory feeding and nutrient mediated growth together (71% green shadowed area).