Deletion of the actin associated protein genes FgPrk1 or FgEnd3 hinders toxisome formation.

(A) Toxisome formation in ΔFgPrk1 and ΔFgEnd3 (left panel). The images were taken after each strain bearing Tri1-GFP was incubated in TBI for 48 h. Bar = 10 μm. The accumulation of Tri1-GFP protein in each strain was determined by using a western blot assay with the anti-GFP antibody (right panel). The protein samples were also incubated with the anti-GAPDH antibody as a reference. (B) Production of DON in ΔFgPrk1 and ΔFgEnd3 after each strain was cultured in TBI for 7 days. (C) The sensitivity of ΔFgPrk1, ΔFgEnd3 and their complementation strains (ΔFgPrk1-C and ΔFgEnd3-C) towards phenamacril and carbendazim. Each strain was cultured on PDA supplemented with 0.3 μg/ml phenamacril or carbendazim (left panel). Mycelial growth inhibition of each strain by phenamacril or carbendazim was quantified (right panel). Values on the bars for each fungicide treatment followed by different letters are significantly different according to a Fisher’s least significant difference (LSD) test at P = 0.05.