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Deactivation Behavior of Supported Gold Palladium Nanoalloy Catalysts during the Selective Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol in a Micropacked Bed Reactor
journal contribution
posted on 2017-05-26, 00:00 authored by Noor Al-Rifai, Peter J. Miedziak, Moataz Morad, Meenakshisundaram Sankar, Conor Waldron, Stefano Cattaneo, Enhong Cao, Samuel Pattisson, David Morgan, Donald Bethell, Graham J. Hutchings, Asterios GavriilidisHighly
active, supported Au–Pd catalysts have been tested
for catalyzing benzyl alcohol oxidation in a silicon-glass micropacked
bed reactor. The effects of Au–Pd composition and anion content
during catalyst preparation on catalyst deactivation were studied,
and a relationship between the deactivation rate and the amount of
Cl– and Au used in the catalyst formulation was
found. While Au aids in enhancing the selectivity to the desired product
and the Cl– ions help the formation of uniform 1–2
nm nanoparticles, higher amounts of Au and Cl– become
detrimental to the catalyst stability once a certain amount is exceeded.
Loss of small (1–2 nm) metal nanoparticles was evident in all
catalysts studied, accompanied by agglomeration and the formation
of larger >10 nm particles. A secondary deactivation mechanism
characterized
by the formation of an amorphous surface film was observed via transmission
electron microscopy in catalysts with high Cl– and
Au and was associated with the detection of carbon species on the catalyst
surface using Raman spectroscopy.
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Benzyl Alcoholcarbon speciesDeactivation Behaviorcatalyst formulationsilicon-glass micropacked bed reactoranion contentcatalyst preparationMicropacked Bed ReactorRaman spectroscopymetal nanoparticlesformationsurface filmdeactivation ratecatalyzing benzyl alcohol oxidationcatalyst deactivationGold Palladium Nanoalloy Catalystscatalyst stabilitydeactivation mechanismtransmission electron microscopyClcatalyst surfaceSelective Oxidationnm
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