C18-fatty acid desaturation in Koshu and Pinot Noir berries.

(A) C18-fatty acids in Pinot Noir and Koshu skins and juices. The contents were extracted from Figs 1 and 2, respectively. KS, Koshu. PN, Pinot Noir. *p < 0.05 between Koshu and Pinot Noir samples. Arrows demonstrate conversion by C18-fatty acid desaturases. Δ9 FAD, stearoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] 9-desaturase. ω6 FAD, omega-6 fatty acid desaturase. ω3 FAD, omega-3 fatty acid desaturase. (B) Transcription of genes encoding C18-fatty acid desaturases in berry skins. Berry samples were collected at two weeks post véraison (V+2w) and at harvest (H). Total RNA was isolated from berry skins and subjected to real-time RT-PCR analysis. Data are shown as means ± standard deviation for five independent samples. *p < 0.05 between Koshu and Pinot Noir skins. **p < 0.01 between Koshu and Pinot Noir skins.