Additional file 18: Figure S12. of Recent urbanization in China is correlated with a Westernized microbiome encoding increased virulence and antibiotic resistance genes

KEGG pathways significantly different in relative abundance between urban and rural subjects tend to have a higher relative abundance in rural subjects. Volcano plots of the adjusted P values vs. fold change from whole genome sequencing for KEGG modules (left) and KEGG pathways (right). The P values given at the top of each plot were calculated using a chi-squared test. The horizontal dashed gray line indicates an adjusted P value of 0.05 while the vertical dashed gray line indicates an urban/rural fold change of 1. See Additional file 13: Table S5H-I for all KEGG functions tested and the model results, including mean and standard deviation, P values, effect sizes (as measured by model R 2), and Spearman correlation. (TIFF 9521 kb)