Effects of the duration of input signals on PAC measurements. CaiolaMichael DevergnasAnnaelle HolmesMark H. WichmannThomas 2019 <p>A-I: comodulograms of signals with “target” PAC at 20 Hz (phase) and 130 Hz (amplitude), using the CM (A, D, G), VM (B, E, H), or WM (C, F, I), respectively, and signal lengths of 5 s (A-C), 10 s (D-F), and 20 s (G-I). J shows the sum of the modulation indices around the target (phase: 14−26 Hz; amplitude: 100−160 Hz; see red rectangle in A) and their logarithmic trend lines. K shows the percentage of PAC found in the red rectangle around the target over that of the entire comodulogram. In each comodulogram, the area below the white dashed line represents an area of low confidence (as frequencies for phase and amplitude are close together). All comodulograms are scaled to the same color range. The axis titles ‘Phase’ and ‘amplitude’ in A-I refer to frequencies, measured in Hz.</p>