10.25407/JACBTS.8262203.v1
Keimei Yoshida
Keimei
Yoshida
Keita Saku
Keita
Saku
Kazuhiro Kamada
Kazuhiro
Kamada
Kohtaro Abe
Kohtaro
Abe
Mariko Tanaka-Ishikawa
Mariko
Tanaka-Ishikawa
Takeshi Tohyama
Takeshi
Tohyama
Takuya Nishikawa
Takuya
Nishikawa
Takuya Kishi
Takuya
Kishi
Kenji Sunagawa
Kenji
Sunagawa
Hiroyuki Tsutsui
Hiroyuki
Tsutsui
Figure 3: Effects of Chronic VNS on Power Spectral Density of Heart Rate, Hemodynamic Variables, and Plasma BNP
JACC: Basic to Translational Science
2019
autonomic imbalance
pulmonary arterial hypertension
pulmonary vascular remodeling
vagal nerve stimulation
Cardiology
2019-06-12 08:29:59
Figure
https://multimedia.onlinejacc.org/articles/figure/Figure_3_Effects_of_Chronic_VNS_on_Power_Spectral_Density_of_Heart_Rate_Hemodynamic_Variables_and_Plasma_BNP/8262203
Values are mean ± SEM. Differences were tested by using 1-way analysis of variance, followed by post hoc Tukey-Kramer tests. ∗p < 0.05 and ∗∗p < 0.01 vs. CTRL. †p < 0.05 and ‡p < 0.01 vs. SS. <b>(A)</b> Representative traces of power spectral density of heart rate in CTRL, SS, and VNS in rats at 5 weeks after SU5416 injection. The frequency range of 0.04–0.73 Hz was defined as low frequency (LF) and 0.73–2.0 Hz as high frequency (HF). The HF of HRV that represents parasympathetic nerve activity is lower in SS than CTRL but is higher in VNS than in SS. <b>(B to G)</b> Mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP), pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), cardiac index (CI), right ventricular end-diastolic pressure (RVEDP), and maximum first derivation of right ventricular pressure normalized by RVEDP (Max +dP/dt/RVEDP) are shown. VNS significantly reduces mPAP and improves right ventricular function. CTRL, n = 5; SS, n = 6; and VNS, n = 6. BNP = brain natriuretic peptide; other abbreviations as in Figure 2.