TY - DATA T1 - Reversible and Rapid Transfer-RNA Deactivation as a Mechanism of Translational Repression in Stress PY - 2013/08/29 AU - Andreas Czech AU - Sandra Wende AU - Mario Mörl AU - Tao Pan AU - Zoya Ignatova UR - https://plos.figshare.com/articles/dataset/_Reversible_and_Rapid_Transfer_RNA_Deactivation_as_a_Mechanism_of_Translational_Repression_in_Stress_/784937 DO - 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003767 L4 - https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1185975 L4 - https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1185976 L4 - https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1185977 L4 - https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1185978 L4 - https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1185979 L4 - https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/1185980 KW - transfer-rna KW - deactivation KW - translational KW - repression N2 - Stress-induced changes of gene expression are crucial for survival of eukaryotic cells. Regulation at the level of translation provides the necessary plasticity for immediate changes of cellular activities and protein levels. In this study, we demonstrate that exposure to oxidative stress results in a quick repression of translation by deactivation of the aminoacyl-ends of all transfer-RNA (tRNA). An oxidative-stress activated nuclease, angiogenin, cleaves first within the conserved single-stranded 3′-CCA termini of all tRNAs, thereby blocking their use in translation. This CCA deactivation is reversible and quickly repairable by the CCA-adding enzyme [ATP(CTP):tRNA nucleotidyltransferase]. Through this mechanism the eukaryotic cell dynamically represses and reactivates translation at low metabolic costs. ER -