10.3389/fimmu.2018.02514.s003
Annika Luukkainen
Annika
Luukkainen
Kia Joo Puan
Kia Joo
Puan
Nurhashikin Yusof
Nurhashikin
Yusof
Bernett Lee
Bernett
Lee
Kai Sen Tan
Kai Sen
Tan
Jing Liu
Jing
Liu
Yan Yan
Yan
Yan
Sanna Toppila-Salmi
Sanna
Toppila-Salmi
Risto Renkonen
Risto
Renkonen
Vincent T. Chow
Vincent T.
Chow
Olaf Rotzschke
Olaf
Rotzschke
De Yun Wang
De
Yun Wang
Image_3_A Co-culture Model of PBMC and Stem Cell Derived Human Nasal Epithelium Reveals Rapid Activation of NK and Innate T Cells Upon Influenza A Virus Infection of the Nasal Epithelium.tiff
Frontiers
2018
influenza A virus
peripheral blood mononuclear cells
nasal epithelium
co-culture
innate T cells
2018-11-08 16:59:39
Figure
https://frontiersin.figshare.com/articles/figure/Image_3_A_Co-culture_Model_of_PBMC_and_Stem_Cell_Derived_Human_Nasal_Epithelium_Reveals_Rapid_Activation_of_NK_and_Innate_T_Cells_Upon_Influenza_A_Virus_Infection_of_the_Nasal_Epithelium_tiff/7315574
<p>Background: We established an in vitro co-culture model involving H3N2-infection of human nasal epithelium with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to investigate their cross-talk during early H3N2 infection.</p><p>Methods: Nasal epithelium was differentiated from human nasal epithelial stem/progenitor cells and cultured wtih fresh human PBMC. PBMC and supernatants were harvested after 24 and 48 h of co-culture with H3N2-infected nasal epithelium. We used flow cytometry and Luminex to characterize PBMC subpopulations, their activation and secretion of cytokine and chemokines.</p><p>Results: H3N2 infection of the nasal epithelium associated with significant increase in interferons (IFN-α, IFN-γ, IL-29), pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, BDNF, IL-3) and viral-associated chemokines (IP-10, MCP-3, I-TAC, MIG), detectable already after 24 h. This translates into rapid activation of monocytes, NK-cells and innate T-cells (MAIT and γδ T cells), evident with CD38+ and/or CD69+ upregulation.</p><p>Conclusions: This system may contribute to in vitro mechanistic immunological studies bridging systemic models and possibly enable the development of targeted immunomodulatory therapies.</p>