10.1371/journal.pone.0197041.g003 Zhila Esna Ashari Zhila Esna Ashari Nairanjana Dasgupta Nairanjana Dasgupta Kelly A. Brayton Kelly A. Brayton Shira L. Broschat Shira L. Broschat Histogram of residual values showing the frequency of each value interval versus residual values. Public Library of Science 2018 T 4SS pathogens T 4SS effectors eukaryotic host cells T 4SS effector proteins T 4SSs function type IV secretion system effector proteins multi-level feature selection approach Type IV secretion systems regression models DNA machine learning-based methods decrease testing costs 2018-05-09 17:33:22 Figure https://plos.figshare.com/articles/figure/Histogram_of_residual_values_showing_the_frequency_of_each_value_interval_versus_residual_values_/6240701 <p>Residuals represent the difference between true and predicted values using our final logistic regression models. It can be seen that residuals are concentrated around zero and have a normal distribution and also are not skewed and contain no outliers. (A) <i>L. pneumophila</i>, (B) <i>C. burnetii</i>, (C) <i>Brucella spp</i>, and (D) <i>Bartonella spp</i>.</p>