10.6084/m9.figshare.6151571.v1 Mariam Garelnabi Mariam Garelnabi Robin C May Robin C May Variability in innate host immune responses to cryptococcosis SciELO journals 2018 Cryptococcus neoformans host-pathogen interactions innate immunity infection pathogenesis macrophages host variation 2018-04-18 02:46:46 Figure https://scielo.figshare.com/articles/figure/Variability_in_innate_host_immune_responses_to_cryptococcosis/6151571 <div><p>Cryptococcosis is an invasive fungal disease caused by Cryptococcus neoformans and the closely related species C. gattii. The severe form of the disease, cryptococcal meningitis (CM), is rapidly fatal without treatment. Although typically a disease of immunocompromised (especially HIV-positive) individuals, there is growing awareness of cryptococcal disease amongst non-immunocompromised patients. Whilst substantial progress has been made in understanding the pathogenicity of C. neoformans in HIV patients, prospective data on cryptococcosis outside the context of HIV remains lacking. Below we review how innate immune responses vary between hosts depending on immunological status, and discuss risk factors and predictors of disease outcome in different groups.</p></div>