<i>kismet</i> and <i>cry</i> genetically interact. DubruilleRaphaëlle MuradAlejandro RosbashMichael EmeryPatrick 2009 <p>(A) Increasing CRY signaling in flies expressing <i>kis</i> dsRNAs rescues the LL phenotype. Actograms show the locomotor activity of <i>tim-GAL4/VDRC46685</i> (<i>tg4/VDRC46685;</i> homozygous for <i>ls-tim</i>) and <i>tim-GAL4 UAS-myccry/VDRC46685</i> flies (<i>tg4 cry/VDRC46685; s-tim/ls-tim</i> heterozygous). The presence of one <i>s-tim</i> allele in flies overexpressing CRY potentially contributes to the rescue, because the S-TIM protein is more sensitive to CRY signaling <a href="http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000787#pgen.1000787-Sandrelli1" target="_blank">[87]</a>. This contribution is small however. Indeed, 50% of <i>tim-GAL4/VDRC46685</i> flies carrying one <i>s-tim</i> allele are rhythmic in constant light (see <a href="http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000787#pgen-1000787-t003" target="_blank">Table 3</a>). In addition, CRY overexpression also rescues arrhythmicity in a <i>ls-tim</i> homozygous background, although a slight increase in residual rhythms was detected during the first 3 days of LL (<a href="http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000787#pgen.1000787.s003" target="_blank">Figure S3</a>). n = 15–16 flies/genotype. (B) Western blot showing TIM oscillations in whole head extracts of control (<i>w<sup>1118</sup></i>), <i>timGAL4 UAS-dcr2</i>/+; <i>cry<sup>m</sup>/cry<sup>m</sup></i> (<i>tg4 dcr2</i>/+; <i>cry<sup>m</sup></i>) and <i>tim-GAL4 UAS-dcr2/VDRC46685; cry<sup>m</sup>/cry<sup>m</sup></i> (<i>tg4 dcr2/VDRC46685; cry<sup>m</sup></i>) flies entrained to an LD cycle. All genotypes are homozygous for <i>ls-tim</i>. (C) The amplitude of TIM protein rhythms is reduced in <i>cry<sup>m</sup></i> flies expressing <i>kis</i> dsRNAs. TIM protein levels were quantified by Western Blot at ZT17 (peak) and ZT5 (trough) and normalized with the Tubulin loading control. The histogram represents the ratio between the two values. Each bar represents the average of 4 independent experiments per genotypes, expect <i>y w; cry<sup>m</sup></i> (n = 3). Error bars represent standard deviations (*p<0.05; t-test).</p>