Supplementary Material for: Early Conventional MRI for Prediction of Neurodevelopmental Impairment in Extremely-Low-Birth-Weight Infants Slaughter L.A. Bonfante-Mejia E. Hintz S.R. Dvorchik I. Parikh N.A. 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129458.v1 https://karger.figshare.com/articles/dataset/Supplementary_Material_for_Early_Conventional_MRI_for_Prediction_of_Neurodevelopmental_Impairment_in_Extremely-Low-Birth-Weight_Infants/5129458 <b><i>Background:</i></b> Extremely-low-birth-weight (ELBW; ≤1,000 g) infants are at high risk for neurodevelopmental impairments. Conventional brain MRI at term-equivalent age is increasingly used for prediction of outcomes. However, optimal prediction models remain to be determined, especially for cognitive outcomes. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> The aim was to evaluate the accuracy of a data-driven MRI scoring system to predict neurodevelopmental impairments. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> 122 ELBW infants had a brain MRI performed at term-equivalent age. Conventional MRI findings were scored with a standardized algorithm and tested using a multivariable regression model to predict neurodevelopmental impairment, defined as one or more of the following at 18-24 months' corrected age: cerebral palsy, bilateral blindness, bilateral deafness requiring amplification, and/or cognitive/language delay. Results were compared with a commonly cited scoring system. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In multivariable analyses, only moderate-to-severe gyral maturational delay was a significant predictor of overall neurodevelopmental impairment (OR: 12.6, 95% CI: 2.6, 62.0; p < 0.001). Moderate-to-severe gyral maturational delay also predicted cognitive delay, cognitive delay/death, and neurodevelopmental impairment/death. Diffuse cystic abnormality was a significant predictor of cerebral palsy (OR: 33.6, 95% CI: 4.9, 229.7; p < 0.001). These predictors exhibited high specificity (range: 94-99%) but low sensitivity (30-67%) for the above outcomes. White or gray matter scores, determined using a commonly cited scoring system, did not show significant association with neurodevelopmental impairment. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> In our cohort, conventional MRI at term-equivalent age exhibited high specificity in predicting neurodevelopmental outcomes. However, sensitivity was suboptimal, suggesting additional clinical factors and biomarkers are needed to enable accurate prognostication. 2016-04-07 00:00:00 Extremely-low-birth-weight infants Prematurity Magnetic resonance imaging Neurodevelopmental outcome Cerebral palsy Brain development