10.6084/m9.figshare.5126377.v1 Jablonski H. Jablonski H. Kauther M.D. Kauther M.D. Bachmann H.S. Bachmann H.S. Jäger M. Jäger M. Wedemeyer C. Wedemeyer C. Supplementary Material for: Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Modulates the Production of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Associated with Periprosthetic Osteolysis by THP-1 Macrophage-Like Cells Karger Publishers 2014 Periprosthetic osteolysis Particles Lipopolysaccharides Macrophage-like cells Cytokines Calcitonin gene-related peptide 2014-05-14 00:00:00 Dataset https://karger.figshare.com/articles/dataset/Supplementary_Material_for_Calcitonin_Gene-Related_Peptide_Modulates_the_Production_of_Pro-Inflammatory_Cytokines_Associated_with_Periprosthetic_Osteolysis_by_THP-1_Macrophage-Like_Cells/5126377 <b><i>Objective:</i></b> An anti-resorptive impact of the neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) on periprosthetic osteolysis, the leading cause of early prosthesis loosening, has been shown previously. In this study, the impact of CGRP on pro-inflammatory cytokine production associated with periprosthetic osteolysis was analysed using THP-1 macrophage-like cells. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Cells were stimulated with ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) particles (cell-to-particle ratios of 1:100 and 1:500) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS; 1 µg/ml) to establish osteolytic conditions, and simultaneously treated with CGRP (10<sup>-8</sup>M). Receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB <i>(RANK)</i>, RANK ligand <i>(RANKL)</i> and tumour necrosis factor <i>(TNF)</i>-<i>a</i> mRNA expression were measured by quantitative RT-PCR. RANK protein was detected by Western blot. Secreted protein levels of TNF-a as well as interleukin (IL)-1ß and IL-6 were quantified in cell culture supernatants by ELISA and Bio-Plex cytokine assay, respectively. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Activation of macrophage-like cells failed to enhance the production of RANK but led to a dose- and time-dependent increase of <i>TNF</i>-<i>a</i> mRNA and secreted protein levels of TNF-a, IL-1ß and IL-6. Application of CGRP time-dependently suppressed <i>TNF-a</i> mRNA expression induced by low-particle concentrations and LPS, while both particle- and LPS-induced secretion of TNF-a was inhibited. A pronounced inhibitory effect of CGRP on LPS-induced cytokine production at 24 h of incubation was also observed with IL-1ß and IL-6. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> CGRP shows a time-dependent inhibitory effect on the secretion of osteolysis-associated pro-inflammatory cytokines, indicating an indirect anti-resorptive influence of the neuropeptide on both aseptic prosthesis loosening and bacterially induced bone resorption which might enhance the life time of total joint replacements.