E., Tauriainen M., Storvik P., Finckenberg S., Merasto E., Martonen T.K., Pilvi R., Korpela E.M., Mervaala Supplementary Material for: Skeletal Muscle Gene Expression Profile Is Modified by Dietary Protein Source and Calcium during Energy Restriction <i>Background/Aims:</i> The potential of whey protein and calcium to modify skeletal muscle gene expression during energy restriction (ER) was investigated in a model of diet-induced obesity. <i>Methods:</i> Obese C57BL/6J mice received casein (calcium 0.4%) and two different high-calcium (1.8%) whey protein-based [whey protein isolate (WPI) + Ca and α-lactalbumin + Ca] diets for ER. <i>Results:</i> Compared to casein, WPI and α-lactalbumin-based diets altered 208 and 287 genes, respectively, of which 186 genes were common to WPI and α-lactalbumin diets. These genes represented 31 KEGG pathways. The Wnt signaling was the most enriched pathway among the 101 genes regulated by α-lactalbumin only, whereas the 22 genes regulated by WPI only were not associated with KEGG pathways. Unlike casein, WPI and α-lactalbumin diets decreased Aldh1a7, Fasn, leptin, Nr4a3 and Scd1 mRNA expression, indicating dietary protein source-dependent alterations in muscle lipid and fatty acid metabolism. Muscle weight or lean body mass maintenance did not differ between groups although modest changes in hypertrophy/atrophy signaling were found. <i>Conclusion:</i> The skeletal muscle gene expression profile is modified by the dietary protein source and calcium during ER which may explain, at least in part, the greater anti-obesity effect of whey proteins and calcium compared to casein. Dietary calcium;Energy restriction;Gene expression;Milk proteins;Skeletal muscles 2011-04-28
    https://karger.figshare.com/articles/dataset/Supplementary_Material_for_Skeletal_Muscle_Gene_Expression_Profile_Is_Modified_by_Dietary_Protein_Source_and_Calcium_during_Energy_Restriction/5121820
10.6084/m9.figshare.5121820.v1