The effect of solar insolation on <i>Cryptosporidium</i> oocyst infectivity and sporozoite intracellular calcium. J. KingBrendon HoefelDaniel Ee WongPao T. MonisPaul 2010 <p>A microcosm experiment was performed on a clear sky day with a solar UV index maximum of 11 in order to investigate changes oocyst infectivity and sporozoite intracellular calcium. Oocyst microcosms were sampled at two levels of insolation (T1 and T2) (see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0011773#pone.0011773.s010" target="_blank">Table S1</a>). <b>A</b>) Oocyst infectivity was determined using a cell culture TaqMan PCR infectivity assay for both dark and light irradiated oocysts. Non-irradiated oocysts kept at 4°C were used as controls, and treatments calculated as a percentage of the control. <b>B</b>) Oocysts were excysted and sporozoites incubated in supplemented medium at 37°C for 90 minutes before staining with the intracellular calcium indicator Fluo-4 AM and then analysed by flow cytometry. Sporozoite intracellular calcium is expressed as arbitrary units. An asterisk above a pair of bars indicate statistically significant effects (<i>t</i>-test, P<0.05). Error bars indicate standard deviations (n = 3).</p>