Wallbillich, John J. Josyula, Srirama Saini, Uksha Zingarelli, Roman A. Dorayappan, Kalpana Deepa Priya Riley, Maria K. Wanner, Ross A. E. Cohn, David Selvendiran, Karuppaiyah Metformin inhibits grade 1 endometrial cancer cell proliferation, survival, migration, and induces apoptosis. <p><b>A</b>. Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay measured Ishikawa cell proliferation with increasing concentrations of metformin after 24h or 48h, in high-glucose media. <b>B</b>. Proportion of Ishikawa cells surviving (compared to control) after treatment with 10 mM or 20 mM of metformin. <b>C</b>. Cell migration assay, with Ishikawa cells subjected to control, 10 mM, or 20 mM metformin for 24h. Control (0h) is also shown. <b>D</b>. Quantification of % wound closure; the 10 mM and 20 mM treatment groups were each significantly different than control (p<0.05; noted with asterisk [*]). <b>E</b>. Western blot of apoptosis-related protein expression in Ishikawa cells after treatment with control, 10 mM, or 20 mM for 48h.</p> STAT 3 overexpression plasmid;target proteins;High Glucose-Mediated STAT 3 Activation;Ishikawa cells transfected;Endometrial Cancer Objectives STAT 3;xenograft tumor model;Western blot;type 1 endometrial cancer;apoptotic protein expression;PCR;glucose concentrations influence STAT 3 expression;STAT 3 overexpression;STAT 3;pSTAT 3 ser 727.;cell proliferation;metformin treatment;Ishikawa cells;STAT 3 expression 2017-01-23
    https://plos.figshare.com/articles/figure/Metformin_inhibits_grade_1_endometrial_cancer_cell_proliferation_survival_migration_and_induces_apoptosis_/4583380
10.1371/journal.pone.0170318.g004