Microwave Makes Carbon Nanotubes Less Defective LinWei MoonKyoung-Sik ZhangShanju DingYong ShangJintang ChenMingxiang WongChing-ping 2010 An ultrafast microwave annealing process has been developed to reduce the defect density in vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Raman and thermogravimetric analyses have shown a distinct defect reduction in the CNTs annealed in microwave for 3 min. Fibers spun from the as-annealed CNTs, in comparison with those from the pristine CNTs, show increases of ∼35% and ∼65%, respectively, in tensile strength (∼0.8 GPa) and modulus (∼90 GPa) during tensile testing; an ∼20% improvement in electrical conductivity (∼80000 S m<sup>−1</sup>) was also reported. The mechanism of the microwave response of CNTs was discussed.