10.1021/pr100529t.s005 Lawrence Kashat Lawrence Kashat Anthony K.-C. So Anthony K.-C. So Olena Masui Olena Masui X. Simon Wang X. Simon Wang Jun Cao Jun Cao Xianwang Meng Xianwang Meng Christina MacMillan Christina MacMillan Laurie E. Ailles Laurie E. Ailles K. W. Michael Siu K. W. Michael Siu Ranju Ralhan Ranju Ralhan Paul G. Walfish Paul G. Walfish Secretome-Based Identification and Characterization of Potential Biomarkers in Thyroid Cancer American Chemical Society 2010 CAL 62 cells cytoplasmic expression TPC thyroid carcinomas warranting future analysis PTMA thyroid cancer patients NOD thyroid cancer cell lines protein Thyroid CancerIn search thyroid cancer biomarkers 2010-11-05 00:00:00 Journal contribution https://acs.figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Secretome_Based_Identification_and_Characterization_of_Potential_Biomarkers_in_Thyroid_Cancer/2716588 In search of thyroid cancer biomarkers, proteins secreted by thyroid cancer cell lines, papillary-derived TPC-1 and anaplastic-derived CAL62, were analyzed using liquid chromatography−tandem mass spectrometry. Of 46 high-confidence identifications, 6 proteins were considered for verification in thyroid cancer patients’ tissue and blood. The localization of two proteins, nucleolin and prothymosin-α (PTMA), was confirmed in TPC-1 and CAL62 cells by confocal microscopy and immunohistochemically in xenografts of TPC-1 cells in NOD/SCID/γ mice and human thyroid cancers (48 tissues). Increased nuclear and cytoplasmic expression of PTMA was observed in anaplastic compared to papillary and poorly differentiated carcinomas. Nuclear expression of nucleolin was observed in all subtypes of thyroid carcinomas, along with faint cytoplasmic expression in anaplastic cancers. Importantly, PTMA, nucleolin, clusterin, cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61, enolase 1, and biotinidase were detected in thyroid cancer patients’ sera, warranting future analysis to confirm their potential as blood-based thyroid cancer markers. In conclusion, we demonstrated the potential of secretome analysis of thyroid cancer cell lines to identify novel proteins that can be independently verified in cell lines, xenografts, tumor tissues, and blood samples of thyroid cancer patients. These observations support their potential utility as minimally invasive biomarkers for thyroid carcinomas and their application in management of these diseases upon future validation.