Copper Catalyzed C−H Functionalization for Direct Mannich Reactions RuepingMagnus TolstoluzhskyNikita 2011 A protocol for a practical and direct addition of α- and γ-alkyl azaarenes to <i>N</i>-sulfonyl aldimines has been developed. Copper salts act as efficient Lewis acid catalysts for direct Mannich-type reactions providing a mild and fast access to various functionalized heterocycles.