Wu, Xiao Desai, Kashappa-Goud H. Mallery, Susan R. Holpuch, Andrew S. Phelps, Maynard P. Schwendeman, Steven P. Mucoadhesive Fenretinide Patches for Site-Specific Chemoprevention of Oral Cancer: Enhancement of Oral Mucosal Permeation of Fenretinide by Coincorporation of Propylene Glycol and Menthol The objective of this study was to enhance oral mucosal permeation of fenretinide by coincorporation of propylene glycol (PG) and menthol in fenretinide/Eudragit RL PO mucoadhesive patches. Fenretinide is an extremely hydrophobic chemopreventive compound with poor tissue permeability. Coincorporation of 5–10 wt % PG (mean <i>J</i><sub>s</sub> = 16–23 μg cm<sup>–2</sup> h<sup>–1</sup>; 158–171 μg of fenretinide/g of tissue) or 1–10 wt % PG + 5 wt % menthol (mean <i>J</i><sub>s</sub> = 18–40 μg cm<sup>–2</sup> h<sup>–1</sup>; 172–241 μg of fenretinide/g of tissue) in fenretinide/Eudragit RL PO patches led to significant <i>ex vivo</i> fenretinide permeation enhancement (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Addition of PG above 2.5 wt % in the patch resulted in significant cellular swelling in the buccal mucosal tissues. These alterations were ameliorated by combining both enhancers and reducing PG level. After buccal administration of patches in rabbits, <i>in vivo</i> permeation of fenretinide across the oral mucosa was greater (∼43 μg fenretinide/g tissue) from patches that contained optimized permeation enhancer content (2.5 wt % PG + 5 wt % menthol) relative to permeation obtained from enhancer-free patch (∼17 μg fenretinide/g tissue) (<i>p</i> < 0.001). <i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> release of fenretinide from patch was not significantly increased by coincorporation of permeation enhancers, indicating that mass transfer across the tissue, and not the patch, largely determined the permeation rate control <i>in vivo</i>. As a result of its improved permeation and its lack of deleterious local effects, the mucoadhesive fenretinide patch coincorporated with 2.5 wt % PG + 5 wt % menthol represents an important step in the further preclinical evaluation of oral site-specific chemoprevention strategies with fenretinide. Oral Cancer;RL;permeation rate control;Propylene Glycol;permeation enhancers;mucoadhesive fenretinide patch coincorporated;buccal mucosal tissues;PO;vivo release;wt;Mucoadhesive Fenretinide Patches;MentholThe objective;mass transfer;Oral Mucosal Permeation;tissue permeability;chemopreventive compound;propylene glycol;vivo permeation;buccal administration;PG level;mucosal permeation;vivo fenretinide permeation enhancement 2012-04-02
    https://acs.figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Mucoadhesive_Fenretinide_Patches_for_Site_Specific_Chemoprevention_of_Oral_Cancer_Enhancement_of_Oral_Mucosal_Permeation_of_Fenretinide_by_Coincorporation_of_Propylene_Glycol_and_Menthol/2536114
10.1021/mp200655k.s001