%0 Journal Article %A Zhang, Sheng %A Liu, Sijiu %A Tao, Rongya %A Wei, Dan %A Chen, Lan %A Shen, Weihua %A Yu, Zhi-Hong %A Wang, Lina %A Jones, David R. %A Dong, Xiaocheng C. %A Zhang, Zhong-Yin %D 2012 %T A Highly Selective and Potent PTP-MEG2 Inhibitor with Therapeutic Potential for Type 2 Diabetes %U https://acs.figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/A_Highly_Selective_and_Potent_PTP_MEG2_Inhibitor_with_Therapeutic_Potential_for_Type_2_Diabetes/2474137 %R 10.1021/ja308212y.s001 %2 https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/4116838 %K agent %K Type 2 DiabetesProtein tyrosine phosphatases %K crystal structures %K PTP superfamily %K PTP functions %K protein tyrosine phosphorylation %K library approach %K PTP inhibitors %K hepatic insulin %K vivo efficacy %K glucose homeostasis %K insulin sensitivity %K F 2Pmp %K F 2Pmp phosphonodifluoromethyl phenylalanine %K F 2Pmp scaffold %K binding pockets %X Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) constitute a large family of signaling enzymes that control the cellular levels of protein tyrosine phosphorylation. A detailed understanding of PTP functions in normal physiology and in pathogenic conditions has been hampered by the absence of PTP-specific, cell-permeable small-molecule agents. We present a stepwise focused library approach that transforms a weak and general non-hydrolyzable pTyr mimetic (F2Pmp, phosphonodifluoromethyl phenylalanine) into a highly potent and selective inhibitor of PTP-MEG2, an antagonist of hepatic insulin signaling. The crystal structures of the PTP-MEG2-inhibitor complexes provide direct evidence that potent and selective PTP inhibitors can be obtained by introducing molecular diversity into the F2Pmp scaffold to engage both the active site and unique nearby peripheral binding pockets. Importantly, the PTP-MEG2 inhibitor possesses highly efficacious cellular activity and is capable of augmenting insulin signaling and improving insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis in diet-induced obese mice. The results indicate that F2Pmp can be converted into highly potent and selective PTP inhibitory agents with excellent in vivo efficacy. Given the general nature of the approach, this strategy should be applicable to other members of the PTP superfamily. %I ACS Publications