A Survey of Phthalates and Parabens in Personal Care
Products from the United States and Its Implications for Human Exposure
Ying Guo
Kurunthachalam Kannan
10.1021/es4042034.s001
https://acs.figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/A_Survey_of_Phthalates_and_Parabens_in_Personal_Care_Products_from_the_United_States_and_Its_Implications_for_Human_Exposure/2341315
Despite
the widespread usage of phthalates and parabens in personal
care products (PCPs), little is known about concentrations and profiles
as well as human exposure to these compounds through the use of PCPs.
In this study, nine phthalates and six parabens were determined in
170 PCPs (41 rinse-off and 109 leave-on), including 20 baby care products
collected from Albany, New York. Phthalates were less frequently found
in rinse-off PCPs but were more frequently found in perfumes (detection
frequency of 100% for diethyl phthalate [DEP], 67% for dibutyl phthalate
[DBP]), skin toners (90% for DEP), and nail polishes (90% for DBP).
Parabens were found in ∼40% of rinse-off products and ∼60%
of leave-on products. The highest concentrations of DEP, DBP, methyl-
(MeP), ethyl- (EtP), propyl- (PrP), and butyl parabens (BuP) were
on the order of 1000 μg per gram of the product. On the basis
of amount and frequency of use of PCPs and the measured median concentrations
of target analytes, the total dermal intake doses (sum of all phthalates
or parabens) were calculated to be 0.37 and 31.0 μg/kg-bw/day
for phthalates and parabens, respectively, for adult females. The
calculated dermal intake of phthalates from PCPs was lower for infants
and toddlers than for adult females. In contrast, dermal intake of
parabens from PCPs by infants and toddlers was higher than that for
adult females. The calculated maximum daily exposure dose of MeP,
EtP, and PrP from PCPs ranged between 58.6 and 766 μg/kg-bw/day
for infants and toddlers, which was 3 times higher than that calculated
for adult females. PCPs are an important source of human exposure
to parabens; the contribution of PCPs to phthalate exposure is low,
except for DEP.
2013-12-17 00:00:00
Personal Care Products
DBP
DEP
PCP
phthalate
adult females
1000 μ g
paraben
20 baby care products
exposure