Biologically Inspired Stealth Peptide-Capped Gold
Nanoparticles
Ann K. Nowinski
Andrew D. White
Andrew J. Keefe
Shaoyi Jiang
10.1021/la404980g.s001
https://acs.figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Biologically_Inspired_Stealth_Peptide_Capped_Gold_Nanoparticles/2320375
Introduction into the human body
makes most nanoparticle systems
susceptible to aggregation via nonspecific protein binding. Here,
we developed a peptide-capped gold nanoparticle platform that withstands
aggregation in undiluted human serum at 37 °C for 24 h. This
biocompatible and natural system is based on mimicking human proteins
which are enriched in negatively charged glutamic acid and positively
charged lysine residues on their surface. The multifunctional EKEKEKE-PPPPC-Am
peptide sequence consists of a stealth glutamic acid/lysine portion
combined with a surface anchoring linker containing four prolines
and a cysteine. Particle stability was measured via optical spectroscopy
and dynamic light scattering in single protein, high salt, and undiluted
human serum solutions. In vitro cell experiments demonstrate EKEKEKE-PPPPC-Am
capped gold nanoparticles effectively minimize nonspecific cell uptake
by nonphagocytic bovine aortic endothelial cells and phagocytic murine
macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. Cytotoxicity studies show that peptide-capped
gold nanoparticles do not affect cell viability. Finally, the peptide
EKEKEKE-PPPPC-Am was extended with cyclic RGD to demonstrate specific
cell targeting and stealth without using poly(ethylene glycol). Adding
the functional peptide via peptide sequence extension avoids complex
conjugation chemistries that are used for connection to synthetic
materials. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy results indicate
high aortic bovine endothelial cell uptake of c[RGDfE(SGG-KEKEKE-PPPPC-Am)]
capped gold nanoparticles and low uptake of the control scrambled
sequence c[RDGfE(SGG-KEKEKE-PPPPC-Am)] capped gold nanoparticles.
2014-02-25 00:00:00
RGD
plasma mass spectroscopy results
peptide sequence extension
phagocytic murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells
gold nanoparticles
protein
cell uptake
Cytotoxicity studies show