10.1371/journal.pbio.1002279.g007 Ileana Soto Ileana Soto Leah C. Graham Leah C. Graham Hannah J. Richter Hannah J. Richter Stephen N. Simeone Stephen N. Simeone Jake E. Radell Jake E. Radell Weronika Grabowska Weronika Grabowska W. Keith Funkhouser W. Keith Funkhouser Megan C. Howell Megan C. Howell Gareth R. Howell Gareth R. Howell Exercise reduces <i>C1qa</i><sup>+</sup> microglia/monocytes in the aged cortex. Public Library of Science 2015 microglia complement component C 1QA complement activation Complement Induction Aging apoe exercise resolution histological analyses Aging Neurovascular Dysfunction Neurodegenerative diseases basement membrane reduction neurovascular structures decline astrocytic Apoe 2015-10-29 03:22:53 Figure https://plos.figshare.com/articles/figure/_Exercise_reduces_C1qa_microglia_monocytes_in_the_aged_cortex_/1589242 <p>(A) Representative sections from an aged sedentary and aged runner mouse immunostained with PDGFRβ (magenta) for pericytes and IBA1 (green) for microglia/monocyte cells. (B) Quantification of IBA1<sup>+</sup> cells in aging, aged sedentary (Sd), and aged runner (Rn) mice shows a decrease in microglia/monocyte density in the aged runners versus the aged sedentary mice. (C) Correlation between PDGFRβ<sup>+</sup> cells and IBA1<sup>+</sup> cells (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.49, <i>p</i> = 0.01). Decreased number of pericytes correlates with increasing number of microglia/monocyte cells. (D) Representative sections of the cortex hybridized with <i>C1qa</i> riboprobe and coimmunostained with IBA1 (green) in young, aged Sd and aged Rn mice. (E) Quantification of <i>C1qa</i>/IBA1<sup>+</sup> (magenta bars) and IBA1<sup>+</sup> (green bars) cells in the cortex of young, aged Sd, and aged Rn mice showing a significant increase in <i>C1qa</i><sup>+</sup>/IBA1 positive cells in aged Sd mice and a significant decline of these cells in the aged runner mice. A new quantification of IBA1<sup>+</sup> cells (different from B) was performed for the analysis of <i>C1qa</i><sup>+</sup>/IBA1 cells. (F) Representative sections of the hippocampal CA1 hybridized with <i>C1qa</i> riboprobe and coimmunostained with IBA1 (green) in young, aged Sd, and aged Rn mice. (G) <i>C1q</i>/IBA1<sup>+</sup> (magenta bars) and IBA1<sup>+</sup> (green bars) cells in the hippocampal CA1 are significantly increased in aged Sd mice and significantly reduced in aged Rn mice. In panels (B, E, and G) values are mean <u>+</u> SEM, <i>n =</i> 4 per group. In (B) **<i>p</i> = 0.0032 and *<i>p</i> = 0.0148, in (E) **<i>p =</i> 0.0065 and 0.0044, ***<i>p =</i> 0.0006 and *<i>p</i> = 0.0194 and in (G) ***<i>p <</i> 0.0006,***<i>p</i> = 0.0003, **<i>p =</i> 0.0025 and *<i>p</i> = 0.0302 by ANOVA followed by Tukey’s posthoc tests. Scale Bars: 50 μm. The data used to make this figure can be found in <a href="http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002279#pbio.1002279.s001" target="_blank">S1 Dataset</a>.</p>