Particle Emission Characteristics of a Gas Turbine with a Double Annular Combustor
Adam M. Boies
Marc E. J. Stettler
Jacob J. Swanson
Tyler J. Johnson
Jason S. Olfert
Max L. Eggersdorfer
Theo Rindlisbacher
Jing Wang
Kevin Thomson
Greg Smallwood
Yura Sevcenco
David Walters
Paul I. Williams
Joel Corbin
Amewu A. Mensah
Jonathan Symonds
Ramin Dastanpour
Steven N. Rogak
10.6084/m9.figshare.1569288.v3
https://tandf.figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Particle_Emission_Characteristics_of_a_Gas_Turbine_with_a_Double_Annular_Combustor/1569288
<div><p>ABSTRACT</p><p>The total climate, air quality and health impact of aircraft black carbon (BC) emissions depends on quantity (mass and number concentration), as well as morphology (fractal dimension and surface area) of emitted BC aggregates. This study examines multiple BC emission metrics from a gas turbine with a double annular combustor, CFM56-5B4-2P. As a part of the SAMPLE III.2 campaign, concurrent measurements of particle mobility, particle mass, particle number concentration and mass concentration, as well as collection of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) samples, allowed for characterization of the BC emissions. Mass- and number-based emission indices were strongly influenced by thrust setting during pilot combustion and ranged from <1 to 208 mg/kg-fuel and 3×10<sup>12</sup> to 3×10<sup>16</sup> particles/kg-fuel, respectively. Mobility measurements indicated that mean diameters ranged from 7–44 nm with a strong dependence on thrust during pilot-only combustion. Using aggregation and sintering theory with empirical effective density relationships, a power law relationship between primary particle diameter and mobility diameter is presented. Mean primary particle diameter ranged from 6–19 nm, however, laser induced incandescence (LII) and mass-mobility calculated primary particle diameters demonstrated opposite trends with thrust setting. Similarly, mass-mobility-calculated aggregate mass specific surface area and LII-measured surface area were not in agreement, indicating both methods need further development and validation before use as quantitative indicators of primary particle diameter and mass-specific surface area.</p></div>
2015-10-08 18:17:58
surface area
Particle Emission Characteristics
power law relationship
lii
BC emission metrics
particle number concentration
Double Annular Combustor ABSTRACTThe
thrust
tem
transmission electron microscopy
SAMPLE III .2 campaign
particle diameter
CFM