10.6084/m9.figshare.1254924.v3
Ron L.A.P. Hoogenboom
Ron
L.A.P. Hoogenboom
Jasper Hattink
Jasper
Hattink
Ab van Polanen
Ab
van Polanen
Sjaak van Oostrom
Sjaak
van Oostrom
John T. Verbunt
John
T. Verbunt
Wim A. Traag
Wim
A. Traag
Kees A. Kan
Kees
A. Kan
Jan C.H. van Eijkeren
Jan
C.H. van Eijkeren
Gudrun De Boeck
Gudrun
De Boeck
Marco J. Zeilmaker
Marco J.
Zeilmaker
Carryover of cadmium from feed in growing pigs
Taylor & Francis Group
2015
mt
feed level
European Union limits
European Union limit
mg
2015-06-18 16:25:21
Journal contribution
https://tandf.figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Carryover_of_cadmium_from_feed_in_growing_pigs/1254924
<div><p>Growing male pigs were exposed to cadmium (Cd) at levels around 1 and 10 mg kg<sup>–1</sup> feed for up to 12 weeks, administered as CdCl<sub>2</sub> or Cd-cysteine (CdCys). Pigs exposed to 10 mg kg<sup>–1</sup> showed decreased growth during the last 3 weeks. Liver and kidney concentrations of Cd continuously increased over the entire 12-week exposure, exceeding the European Union limits of 1.0 mg kg<sup>–1</sup> (kidney) and 0.5 mg kg<sup>–1</sup> (liver) within 3 weeks at the feed level of 10 mg kg<sup>–1</sup>. A switch to clean feed after 3 weeks for 5 or 9 weeks resulted in steadily decreased levels in kidney and liver, which could be completely attributed to organ growth. At the lower feed level, the level in kidney exceeded the limit almost twofold after 12 weeks, but not after 3 weeks. Liver levels remained below the limit. Metallothionein (MT) levels in livers showed a steady decrease in both untreated and treated animals over time. In kidney such a decrease was only observed in control animals, whereas in the highest-dosed animals the MT concentrations steadily increased. The observed carryover of Cd from feed to liver and kidney was modelled by means of a simple transfer model relating levels in feed via MT levels to accumulation of Cd. Using this model, it was shown that the exposure period of growing pigs to feed containing the European Union limit of 0.5 mg kg<sup>–1</sup> feed should be less than 12 weeks in order to prevent Cd levels in the kidneys to exceed the European Union limit.</p></div>