%0 Journal Article %A Shamraiz, Umair %A Ahmad, Zeeshan %A Raza, Bareera %A Badshah, Amin %A Ullah, Sajid %A Nadeem, Muhammad Arif %D 2020 %T CaO-Promoted Graphene-Supported Palladium Nanocrystals as a Universal Electrocatalyst for Direct Liquid Fuel Cells %U https://acs.figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/CaO-Promoted_Graphene-Supported_Palladium_Nanocrystals_as_a_Universal_Electrocatalyst_for_Direct_Liquid_Fuel_Cells/11608323 %R 10.1021/acsami.9b16151.s001 %2 https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/21009594 %K powder X-ray diffraction %K energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy %K Direct Liquid Fuel Cells %K CaO-Promoted Graphene-Supported Palladium Nanocrystals %K alcohol fuel cells %K ethanol %K plasma mass spectrometry %K formic acid oxidation %K calcium oxide %K NaBH 4 reduction method %K graphene oxide-supported PdCa %K scanning electron microscopy %K catalyst %K transmission electron microscopy %K formic acid fuel cells %K formic acid %K CO %K methanol %K X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy %X Here, we present the fabrication of a reduced graphene oxide-supported PdCa (PdCa/rGO) alloyed catalyst via a NaBH4 reduction method for direct alcohol fuel cells in basic medium and direct formic acid fuel cells in acidic medium. Powder X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and Raman spectroscopy are used to characterize the PdCa/rGO catalyst. We proved that the calcium oxide significantly enhances the electrocatalytic methanol, ethanol, and formic acid oxidation over the Pd/rGO surface. The obtained mass activities for PdCa/rGO are 4838.06, 4674.70, and 3906.49 mA mg–1 for formic acid, methanol, and ethanol, respectively. Long-term stability, high activity, and high level of tolerance to CO poisoning of the PdCa/rGO electrocatalyst are attributed to the presence of calcium oxide. These results prove that the PdCa/rGO catalyst has improved electrocatalytic performance for the oxidation of formic acid, methanol, and ethanol with reference to the Pd/rGO. %I ACS Publications