10.1371/journal.pone.0104882 Jianfeng Wang Jianfeng Wang Zhi Ruan Zhi Ruan Ye Feng Ye Feng Ying Fu Ying Fu Yan Jiang Yan Jiang Haiping Wang Haiping Wang Yunsong Yu Yunsong Yu Species Distribution of Clinical <i>Acinetobacter</i> Isolates Revealed by Different Identification Techniques Public Library of Science 2014 genomic species 33 YU Different Identification Techniques Clinical Acinetobacter Isolates Revealed Acinetobacter spp phenotypic identification results method disk diffusion assay novel Acinetobacter species ms vitek baumannii rpoB gene sequencing antimicrobial susceptibility test 16 S rRNA 2014-08-13 04:46:11 Dataset https://plos.figshare.com/articles/dataset/Species_Distribution_of_Clinical_Acinetobacter_Isolates_Revealed_by_Different_Identification_Techniques/1138041 <div><p>A total of 2582 non-duplicate clinical <i>Acinetobacter</i> spp. isolates were collected to evaluate the performance of four identification methods because it is important to identify <i>Acinetobacter</i> spp. accurately and survey the species distribution to determine the appropriate antimicrobial treatment. Phenotyping (VITEK 2 and VITEK MS) and genotyping (16S rRNA and <i>rpoB</i> gene sequencing) methods were applied for species identification, and antimicrobial susceptibility test of imipenem and meropenem was performed with a disk diffusion assay. Generally, the phenotypic identification results were quite different from the genotyping results, and their discrimination ability was unsatisfactory, whereas 16S rRNA and <i>rpoB</i> gene sequencing showed consistent typing results, with different resolution. Additionally, <i>A. pittii</i>, <i>A. calcoaceticus</i> and <i>A. nosocomialis</i>, which were phylogenetically close to <i>A. baumannii</i>, accounted for 85.5% of the non-<i>A. baumannii</i> isolates. One group, which could not be clustered with any reference strains, consisted of 11 isolates and constituted a novel <i>Acinetobacter</i> species that was entitled <i>genomic species 33YU</i>. None of the non-<i>A. baumannii</i> isolates harbored a <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-51</sub>-like gene, and this gene was disrupted by IS<i>Aba19</i> in only one isolate; it continues to be appropriate as a genetic marker for <i>A. baumannii</i> identification. The resistance rate of <i>non-A. baumannii</i> isolates to imipenem and/or meropenem was only 2.6%, which was significantly lower than that of <i>A. baumannii</i>. Overall, <i>rpoB</i> gene sequencing was the most accurate identification method for <i>Acinetobacter</i> species. Except for <i>A. baumannii</i>, the most frequently isolated species from the nosocomial setting were <i>A. pittii</i>, <i>A. calcoaceticus</i> and <i>A. nosocomialis</i>.</p></div>